Breast Cancer

NCRF
Sep 25
2 min read

Overview of Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is a type of cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts. It is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in women, but men can also develop breast cancer.

Types of Breast Cancer

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS): A non-invasive cancer where cells inside the ducts of the breast have changed to cancer cells but have not spread.
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC): The most common type of breast cancer that starts in the ducts and invades surrounding tissue.
Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Begins in the lobules and can spread to nearby tissues.
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A type of breast cancer that does not have any of the three common receptors known to fuel most breast cancer growth.

Risk Factors

Age: Risk increases with age.
Genetic Mutations: Family history and genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2.
Hormonal Factors: Early menstruation and late menopause.
Lifestyle: Alcohol consumption, obesity, and lack of physical activity.

Symptoms

A lump or mass in the breast or underarm area.
Changes in breast shape or size.
Unusual discharge from the nipple.
Skin changes, such as dimpling or redness.

Diagnosis

Physical examination by a healthcare professional.
Imaging tests like mammograms and ultrasounds.
Biopsy to test for cancer cells.

Treatment Options

Surgery: Lumpectomy or mastectomy to remove cancerous tissue.
Radiation Therapy: Uses high-energy waves to kill cancer cells.
Chemotherapy: Uses drugs to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.
Hormonal Therapy: Blocks hormones that fuel certain types of breast cancer.

Prevention

Regular screenings and mammograms.
Maintaining a healthy weight and diet.
Limiting alcohol intake.
Engaging in regular physical activity.

Conclusion

Breast cancer is a significant health concern, but early detection and advancements in treatment have improved outcomes for many patients. Regular screenings and awareness of risk factors are crucial for prevention and early intervention.